The United States on Wednesday accused Russia of continuing to escalate its troop buildup on the border with Ukraine, and renewed its warnings against any "aggression" by Moscow.

"Russia continues escalating and has not reversed its troop buildup," a US State Department spokesperson told AFP.

Washington and its allies were "closely" monitoring the situation, the spokesperson said, repeating warnings that "any further aggression against Ukraine would have massive consequences and would carry a severe price."

The statement came as Germany also reported "further troop movements on the border" between Russia and Ukraine.

But White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki emphasized "an open line of diplomatic discussion and engagement that is happening and that we expect to continue, that we hope to continue."

The West accuses Moscow of having massed tens of thousands of soldiers at the border to prepare a possible invasion of Ukraine.

Russia denies plotting an invasion and has demanded legal guarantees from the United States and NATO, demanding the alliance stop an eastward expansion.

The United States and its allies have already warned of unprecedented sanctions if Russia invades.

"We strongly urge Russia to de-escalate by pulling back troops from its border with Ukraine," the State Department spokesperson added.

"Our goal is de-escalation through diplomacy; the US is ready to engage in diplomacy in January through multiple channels."

The combined threats and diplomatic appeals have not stopped Russian President Vladimir Putin from adopting a particularly vehement tone this week.

He warned Tuesday that Moscow was prepared to take military steps in response to "unfriendly" Western actions over Ukraine, in a sharp escalation of rhetoric.

"President Putin has his own audience. It is not the United States of America," Psaki said Wednesday.

"NATO is a defensive alliance. We don't have aggressive intent with Russia," she continued.

"The aggression we've seen at the Ukrainian border, that bellicose rhetoric has been coming from one side (...) and I think anybody can see that pretty clear as day."

Bosnian Serb leader speeds up withdrawal from joint institutions
Sarajevo (AFP) Dec 22, 2021 - Bosnian Serb political leader Milorad Dodik announced on Wednesday an accelerated withdrawal from the divided country's central institutions after prosecutors opened an inquiry into his plan.

The parliament of Republika Srpska -- the Serb entity of Bosnia -- on December 10 agreed to instruct local government to prepare to withdraw from crucial national institutions over the next six months.

The entities affected included the army, the judiciary and the tax system.

In response, the Bosnian Prosecutors Office launched an investigation against the leadership of Republika Srpska for "undermining constitutional order".

Dodik labelled the inquiry as "politically motivated", arguing that it is designed to "destabilise" Republika Srpska.

Republika Srpska will regulate its own judicial system in the next 30 days, he added. "Nobody will stop us."

Prosecutors have been interviewing opposition leaders who boycotted the controversial session and have requested documents from the entity government and its ruling parties.

Dodik's plan has raised fears over the nation's fragile peace and the risk of a fresh conflict in a country divided on ethnic lines after the brutal 1990s war that claimed some 100,000 lives.

The Western powers have denounced the initiative, but Dodik appears to have backing from Russia. Earlier this month, he met Russian President Vladimir Putin in Moscow.

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Putin warns West of military measures over Ukraine threats
Moscow (AFP) Dec 21, 2021
President Vladimir Putin warned Tuesday that Russia was prepared to take military steps in response to "unfriendly" Western actions over the Ukraine conflict, in a sharp escalation of rhetoric. The Russian president has for weeks accused the United States and the Washington-led NATO military alliance of stoking tensions near Moscow's borders, but these were his first comments hinting at potential conflict. Putin told defence ministry officials that if the West continued its "obviously aggressive ... read more