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FLORA AND FAUNA
Researchers observe polar bears eating dolphins, freezing leftovers
by Brooks Hays
Svalbard, Norway (UPI) Jun 10, 2015


Study: Chimps really like palm wine
Bossou, Guinea (UPI) Jun 10, 2015 - Researchers can now confirm that a love of alcohol isn't an entirely human phenomenon. According to a new study, chimpanzees also take readily to the bottle -- particularly bottles full of palm wine.

Almost every human society with access to fermentation have developed a drinking culture of sorts. But until now, evidence of alcohol consumption among our monkey ancestors has been rare and mostly accidental.

Confirming the suspicion of observant locals West Africa, researchers observed a group of wild chimps using spongey, leaf-made tools to drink fermented sap from the raffia palm. Researchers believe the chimpanzees -- mankind's closest living ape relative -- discovered the alcoholic sap after the people of Bossou, a city in the Republic of Guinea, set out containers to catch the tree's readymade wine.

The chimp's drinking habits extended to all ages and sexes, and some adults were observed drinking large amounts of the sap and appearing drunk.

"Our research demonstrates that there is not a strict aversion to food containing ethanol in this chimpanzee community," lead study author Kimberley Hockings, a researcher at the Oxford Brookes University and Portugal's Center for Research in Anthropology, said in a press release.

"This new use of elementary technology shows once again how clever and enterprising humankind's nearest living relations are," Hockings added.

The new study was published in the journal Royal Society Open Science.

Researchers have documented a group polar bears with a taste for dolphin. It's the first time bears have been recorded eating the marine mammal.

The first instance was documented in 2014. Researchers with the Norwegian Polar Institute came upon a polar bear with two dead white-beaked dolphins. The scientists believe the bear caught the two dolphins the same way bears catch seals, by waiting for specimens trapped under the ice and in need of oxygen to emerge through a hole in ice.

Because the bear found himself with more than he could consume in one sitting, he froze the dolphin in a pile of snow for later eating -- a technique researchers say is rarely employed by polar bears. In the barren and hostile ice fields of the Arctic, it's unusual for predators to find themselves in possession of excess food.

After the initial sighting, scientists witnessed at least five other bears picking at the dolphin carcasses. But researchers aren't necessarily surprised by the behavior. Being almost always hungry, polar bears are rather opportunistic predators, and will eat a range of species.

"They will eat any marine mammal given a chance," researcher Jon Aars told the NewScientist. "The bigger surprise was that the dolphins were entrapped before they could migrate south for the winter."

Researchers believe the dolphins were enticed north by warmer than usual waters and subsequently blown off course.

"We suggest they were trapped in the ice after strong northerly winds the days before, and possibly killed when forced to surface for air at a small opening in the ice," scientists wrote in their new study on the phenomenon, published in the journal Polar Research.


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FLORA AND FAUNA
Kenya wildlife rangers launch secure radios to outwit poachers
Nairobi (AFP) June 10, 2015
Kenyan wildlife officers launched a secure radio system Wednesday in their battle to protect elephants and rhinos, aiming to outwit poachers who listen in on wardens' communications. The encrypted radios - purchased from France with a loan of seven million euros (7.9 million dollars) - will be used first in three of Kenya's national parks, replacing old analog systems on which increasingly ... read more


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