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Faced with unrest, wary China flexes muscle
by Staff Writers
Beijing (AFP) June 15, 2011

China vows help for Inner Mongolia after unrest
Beijing (AFP) June 15, 2011 - China on Wednesday renewed its pledge to speed development in restive Inner Mongolia, following protests in the northern region last month by ethnic Mongols fuelled by resentment over Beijing's rule.

The State Council, China's cabinet, discussed plans to address environmental and farming concerns in the region, where the death of a herder in May laid bare simmering discontent among ethnic Mongols and sparked the wave of unrest.

Officials at the meeting, presided over by Premier Wen Jiabao, focused on increasing efforts to control environmental problems such as soil erosion, according to a statement posted on the central government website.

They pledged to resolve problems such as water security for farmers, herders and forest management workers and lack of electricity in certain areas by 2013.

This is the latest in a series of statements by the government -- apparently rattled by the recent unrest -- and state media aimed at tamping down Mongol anger by acknowledging their grievances.

Local authorities have already issued a number of pledges to address Mongol concerns, including announcing a crackdown on unmonitored coal extraction and measures to ensure more environmentally sound mining.

A court also sentenced a coal truck driver to death earlier this month for running over and killing the herder, named Mergen.

Many of China's estimated six million ethnic Mongols have expressed frustration at what they say is an influx of members of China's dominant Han ethnic group triggered by the region's rich coal and other energy deposits.

Some say that influx has displaced herders, destroyed grazing lands, killed livestock, and threatens a traditional pastoral culture that Mongol activists say is already being swamped by Han ways.

China has put on a display of force to quell recent violent bouts of unrest -- events that analysts say highlight resentment towards an unresponsive government grappling with economic and social strife.

Protests against local authorities have erupted over everything from social injustices to ethnic tensions, compounding the jitters of a stability-obsessed government already wary about inflation's potential to spark Arab-style unrest.

"There are so many social groups that have become angry. There's a general feeling of tension between the government and people," said Zheng Yongnian, director of the National University of Singapore's East Asian Institute.

For more than 30 years, communist China has focused on growth, lifting millions out of poverty and becoming the world's second-largest economy in the process.

But analysts say social and political reforms have not followed suit, sparking a litany of problems such as corruption, government abuses, illegal land seizures, a growing rich-poor divide and pollution.

Inflation, with its historic potential for sparking unrest in the world's most populous nation, has exacerbated the issue. China said Tuesday the inflation rate jumped to its highest level in nearly three years in May.

"Local issues tend to blow up because of increasing concern about other matters, like inflation," Russell Leigh-Moses, a Beijing-based political analyst, told AFP.

On top of this, people do not trust China's judicial system, which pushes them to resort to violence instead of taking their disputes to the courts, Zheng said.

In the latest bout of unrest, hundreds of people including migrant workers rioted in the southern province of Guangdong over the weekend after rumours spread online that police had beaten a street hawker to death.

Hundreds of officers and military tanks have since been deployed in the affected district of Guangzhou, and the rumoured victim was even brought to a press conference organised by the government Sunday to show he was alright.

An employee in the Xinming hotel, located in the restive Xintang area of Guangzhou near Hong Kong, told AFP Wednesday that a tense calm had returned, but that armed police were still on patrol.

The unrest followed another major protest in central China, where 1,500 people clashed with riot squads in Hubei province's Lichuan city following the alleged death in police custody of a local legislator.

Earlier last week, hundreds of people battled police and destroyed cars in another incident in Guangdong, after a factory worker was wounded in a knife attack over a wage dispute.

Late last month, thousands of ethnic Mongols protested in northern China for several days after the killing of a herder laid bare simmering anger over what some perceive as Chinese oppression.

And disgruntled individuals have recently carried out several bomb attacks in different parts of the country, some of them deadly.

China's Communist Party under President Hu Jintao lays great emphasis on the need for stability and social harmony, and analysts say its paramount concern is to be seen to be able to manage unrest -- wherever it may occur.

Wary of the possibility of protests similar to those that have swept the Arab world since the start of the year, it is already in the midst of a nationwide clampdown on dissent, with many activists and lawyers detained. Any bout of unrest is rapidly squelched.

But there is still rising concern about China's underlying social tensions, as exemplified by comments made last year by Premier Wen Jiabao.

"Wen has repeatedly emphasised the importance of political reform, but there's no action," Zheng told AFP.

"China is still in a transitional period, so street demonstrations and protests are normal -- they're a way for people to express themselves," he added.

"But once you put stability as the highest priority, then government officials will use all kind of methods, including violence, against protests. That will make things worse."




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Residents describe 'scary' China riots
Zengcheng, China (AFP) June 15, 2011 - Residents of a southern Chinese town on Wednesday described frightening scenes of overturned cars engulfed in flames and armed police out in force after days of violent clashes.

A heavy security presence remained on the streets of Zengcheng, which is part of the greater Guangzhou area -- a bustling city in China's industrial heartland packed with migrant workers that lies near the border with Hong Kong.

The clashes, sparked by rumours spread on the Internet that police had beaten a street hawker to death and manhandled his pregnant wife, have so far led to 25 arrests.

"It was very scary -- the scariest thing I have encountered since I was born," said Chao, a 27-year-old owner of a denim shop in Xintang, a garment district in Zengcheng, which is about 90 minutes by car from central Guangzhou.

Chao said at one point in the melee, there were a "few thousand rioters" facing off against a massive police force, adding: "They burnt down one of the buildings."

"Together they flipped police cars and set them on fire. A few hundred policemen then came. They started beating people indiscriminately with metal batons," he told AFP, declining to give his full name.

More than 1,000 police officers were reportedly deployed to Xintang over the weekend.

On Wednesday, the streets of Xintang were quiet, according to an AFP reporter, but many shops and restaurants remained closed, while police armed with batons and shields carried out regular patrols.

Burn marks could also be seen on the ground and on a three-storey building. Many locals were too afraid to speak about the incident.

"The atmosphere is tense and we all feel a bit nervous. We are not supposed to talk about it," said You, a 42-year-old garment worker who also refused to give her full name.

The man rumoured to have been killed during the police operation targeting street hawkers appeared at a press conference held by the local government on Sunday, saying he, his wife and their unborn baby girl were "doing very well".

The police operation quickly escalated into violence, with the crowd hurling bricks, rocks and bottles at local officials and police, as well as vandalising ATMs and police posts.

Armed police officers reportedly used tear gas to disperse the crowd.

"All around the village you can see burn marks on the ground because of the fires. I have been stopped five times by policemen asking what I was doing here," said a 59-year-old motorcycle taxi driver surnamed Chen.

"On the first day of the riot, the fighting continued from 11:00 pm to 6:00 am the next day -- it was very bad. You can see today it's much quieter but authorities are still out in full force," he added.

China sees tens of thousands of protests and other public disturbances each year, often linked to anger over official corruption, government abuses and the illegal seizure of land for development.





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