Dust Uncovers Magnetic Fields in Young Star Systems
by Riko Seibo
Tokyo, Japan (SPX) Feb 06, 2025

For the first time, astronomers have successfully detected and analyzed the magnetic field surrounding a young star in a region where planetary formation is believed to be underway. By using dust as a tracer, researchers have mapped out the three-dimensional structure of the magnetic field, shedding new light on the processes that shape planetary systems.

Planets emerge within swirling clouds of gas and dust, known as protoplanetary disks, encircling young stars. The initial phase of planet formation involves tiny dust particles clumping together. These dust grains are subject to various forces, including magnetism, making the study of magnetic fields crucial for understanding planetary evolution. Until now, measuring these fields within a protoplanetary disk had not been possible.

Led by Satoshi Ohashi from the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, an international research team employed the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to investigate the protoplanetary disk of HD 142527, a young star located 512 light-years away in the Lupus constellation. The team discovered that dust grains within the disk align with magnetic field lines, enabling the previously undetectable magnetic structure to be observed. This technique mirrors the way iron filings reveal the field surrounding a magnet. Researchers speculate that this magnetic structure may contribute to intense turbulence within the disk.

Having successfully demonstrated this approach, the team aims to extend their research to additional stars and explore the regions closer to young stars where planets take shape. These future studies will offer deeper insights into the role of magnetism in planet formation.

Research Report:Observationally derived magnetic field strength and 3D components in the HD 142527 disk

Related Links
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Stellar Chemistry, The Universe And All Within It