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EPIDEMICS
Cyclone-ravaged Mozambique reports five cholera cases
By Nicolas DELAUNAY
Beira, Mozambique (AFP) March 27, 2019

Farmers devastated as Mozambique counts cost of deadly cyclone
Begaja, Mozambique (AFP) March 27, 2019 - As the sun sets on Mozambique's central village of Begaja, an incredulous Ruca Mutana walks around his field one more time, looking for that rare maize cob that might have survived last week's vicious cyclone.

On either side of a narrow path to the field from his house, the maize field stretches as far as the eye can see, but not a single plant still stands.

Maize stems lie flat in mud after gale-force winds unleashed by tropical cyclone Idai barrelled across swathes of central Mozambique 12 days ago.

The cyclone and subsequent rains killed at least 468 and affected 1.85 million people in Mozambique alone.

"First there was the cyclone, which flattened the corn (plants)," says 50-year-old peasant farmer Mutana, a blue cap on his head.

"Then came the floods to finish off whatever was left."

Maize is the staple crop in Mozambique.

Mutana's sugar cane and sorghum plants have also been destroyed.

As the floodwaters recede, revealing the scale of the damage, it is becoming clear that most agricultural fields have been all but wiped out, and hunger now stalks farmers in the cyclone-ravaged parts of the country.

Floods that drowned farms have only worsened the ability of farmers -- who had already been hit by drought -- to feed their families.

More than 450,000 hectares (a million acres) of crops were ravaged in Mozambique, a poor, debt-ridden and aid-dependent southern African country.

The cyclone hit at a critical farming phase.

"We were due to harvest the maize in a few weeks, but everything was destroyed. I don't know what we will eat in the coming months," Mutana said.

"The harvest is in April-May, so this cyclone has happened right before the harvest," World Food Programme's (WFP) spokesman Gerald Bourke told AFP.

"This is particularly difficult for this country, which has a very high malnutrition rate," Bourke said.

Around 43 percent of children in Mozambique are chronically malnourished, according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO).

Even before the cyclone ripped through the central parts of the country, low harvests were forecast after Mozambique experienced a drought.

Food needs will be huge in the coming year, with the country's next harvest not due until April and May of 2020.

In Begaja, a village of just over 1,000 people, trees that survived the force of the cyclone and raging floodwaters are drooping -- but they are the only sign of plant life remaining.

Ernesto Roberto Matsine, 42, pushing his bike through the mud, was despondent, saying: "I don't know how we are going to do".

Jorge Majuta, 37, managed to rummage a few dozen corn cobs -- "but they are not ripe, and anyway, that's not going to feed us very long."

Changes in weather patterns are only adding to Mozambican subsistence farmers' woes.

"We're going towards increasingly erratic rains and extreme weather episodes," Bourke warned.

For now, the farmers have no choice but to depend on relief aid until next year's harvest.

Five cases of cholera have been confirmed in Mozambique following the cyclone that ravaged the country killing at least 468 people, a government health official said Wednesday.

Cyclone Idai smashed into Mozambique on March 15, unleashing hurricane-force winds and heavy rains that flooded much of the centre of the poor southern African country and then battered eastern Zimbabwe and Malawi.

The Red Cross has previously warned of a "ticking bomb of disease" and called for the deployment of medicines and health professionals to avert a full-blown health disaster.

"We have five cases of cholera which have been confirmed. This is in Beira and the area around," the health official, Ussein Isse, told journalists, referring to the port city that bore the brunt of the cyclone's force.

Cholera, a waterborne disease that thrives in conditions of poor hygiene, causes acute diarrhoea that can prove fatal if untreated.

"We were expecting cholera cases and we were prepared for this. We have put all the measures in place to try to mitigate the spread of cholera as much as we can," said Emma Batey, a coordinator at the COSACA emergency aid consortium.

Stagnant water, decomposing bodies and lack of sanitation in overcrowded shelters in Mozambique could create breeding grounds for typhus and malaria in addition to cholera, experts say.

COSACA said further heavy rains "would complicate the situation".

"There will be more cases because cholera is epidemic. When you have one case you can expect more. We are implementing preventive measures to limit the impact," Isse said.

In Beira's morgue, 90 percent of those killed by the cyclone and its aftermath had been identified and collected by their families.

"We've had a lot of work in the past week, it's been very hard," said morgue official Manuel Girimoyo, who added that around 50 bodies remained unidentified.

UN humanitarian aid chief Mark Lowcock has appealed for $282 million (250 million euros) of relief aid over the next three months for Mozambique.

The Un's World Food Programme (WAP) said roughly 3,125 square kilometres (1,200 square miles) of land had been swamped.

About 400,000 hectares of crops - primarily maize -- were washed away just weeks before the main April-May harvest, it said.

- 'Bringing help to families' -

Nearly three million people across Mozambique, Malawi and Zimbabwe have been affected, according to the WFP, and 500,000 displaced.

More than 700 people have been killed in Mozambique and Zimbabwe and hundreds are missing, according to an AFP toll compiled from figures provided by governments and UN agencies.

The International Organisation for Migration has said that Cyclone Idai and its aftermath "could rank as the worst disaster to hit the region in decades".

"In Beira city... they have five cases of malaria and 100 cases of diarrhoea. Soon we'll have more updates, but they are still receiving other (patients)," Isse said.

"So they are taking precautions of isolating those who have diarrhoea... so it cannot spread."

A long line of women in bright dresses waited under the baking sun in Estaquinha, 80 kilometres (50 miles) west of Beira, to receive emergency supplies from South African NGO Gift of the Givers on Tuesday.

Environment Minister Celso Correia said around 170,000 people were living in government relief camps but stressed that conditions were improving.

"Most of them already have doctors there and clean water and other means of assistance. The situation is getting better," he said alongside Isse at the media briefing.

"The biggest challenge remains bringing help to families."

Roads made impassable by floodwaters and debris are gradually being unblocked.


Related Links
Epidemics on Earth - Bird Flu, HIV/AIDS, Ebola


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