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Commentary: War and peace in Mideast

Turkey to alter national security strategy
Ankara, Turkey (UPI) Aug 25, 2010 - Over the last three centuries Turkey has fought 11 wars with northern neighbor Russia, more than any other country. In a sign of changed relations, 19 years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Turkish National Security Council intends to drop Russia from the list of potential national threats Zaman reported Wednesday. The country's military strategy, revised every five years, is a classified document that is called as the "secret constitution" or the "red book." The decision is the result of the ruling AKP party's foreign policy of "zero problems with neighbors."

Zaman cites sources close to the document changes, who spoke on condition of anonymity and who added that for the first time the document included provisions on energy security in view of Turkey's multibillion-dollar energy contracts with Russia, which supplies nearly two-thirds of Turkey natural gas imports via the Black Sea undersea Blue Stream pipeline. Iran, Iraq and Greece will also reportedly be removed from the updated red book at the upcoming National Security Council's next meeting in October. Revising the document's primary Cold War direction, Turkey regards international terrorism and fundamentalism as its primary external threats.

The national security document was last revised in 2005, when Islamic fundamentalism and Kurdish separatism were considered the greatest threats to Turkish security, the latter a particular concern due to the Turkish military's ongoing conflict with PKK Kurdish terrorists, who began waging a Marxist separatist campaign in 1979. In recent years Turkey has been steadily increasing its cooperation with the quartet of former "security threats" and now regards them as new regional partners, particularly in the sphere of energy cooperation. Turkey's relations with Russia have improved substantially since Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan's AKP party came to power eight years ago.

The new draft highlights close bilateral economic cooperation with Russia, the potential for increased cooperation in both trade and energy and "a shared vision of stability in the Caucasus." In the region, Turkey's relations with Armenia have been problematic for decades, while Russia's relations with Georgia have been strained since a brief conflict between them erupted over Abkhazia and South Ossetia in August 2008. Washington will undoubtedly view the revisions with interest as Turkey is its NATO partner and improved relations with Iran could interfere with the U.S.-led sanctions policy begun over Tehran's civilian nuclear energy program, which Washington and Jerusalem say they suspect is a facade for a covert effort to develop nuclear weapons.
by Arnaud De Borchgrave
Washington (UPI) Aug 25, 2010
Although the Mideast peace process is important, said Elliott Abrams' invitation, there is something more important in that part of the world.

"Members of the Friends of Israel initiative are even more concerned about the onslaught of radical Islamism as well as the specter of a nuclear Iran, both of which threaten the entire world," wrote Abrams, who served in senior positions in two Reagan and three Bush (41 and 43) administrations.

Not exactly a propitious environment for resuming Israeli-Palestinian peace talks despite 19 months of shuttling between the two sides by Special Envoy George Mitchell. For most Arabs in the Middle East and Muslims everywhere, including the United States, the treatment of West Bank Palestinians by Israel was a major contributing factor to 9/11. And for the others, 9/11 was a Mossad-CIA conspiracy to force the United States into a still closer alliance for a global war against terrorists.

Now a senior fellow at the Council of Foreign Relations, Abrams was issuing an invitation to a mid-September lunch and a discussion with the leaders of the "Friends of Israel Initiative," former Spanish Prime Minister Jose Maria Aznar and former Peruvian President Alejandro Toledo. The only American member mentioned in the invitation is John Bolton, former ambassador to the United Nations and a super hawk who frequently finds himself to the right of Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu.

Anyone who has followed Palestinian peace initiatives closely over the past generation knows that a "contiguous and viable" Palestinian state in a two-state solution with Israel is less viable and less contiguous than at any time in recent memory. Below the radar improvements in Jewish settlements in the West Bank continued throughout the 10-month moratorium decreed by Netanyahu.

Israelis reporters spotted some 600 housing units in 60 settlements (out of 130), including 223 permanent structures, under construction during the moratorium that ends officially Sept. 23. Israel also controls 85 percent of Palestinians' water aquifer. So to see the emergence of an independent Palestinian state in the West Bank is diplomatic chimera.

But the mirage has kept many peace process professionals going with what psychoanalysts call "spatial IQ," or an individual's ability to mentally rotate, flip or piece together images in their imagination without the use of physical objects.

Some 300,000 Jewish settlers in the West Bank aren't about to see their homes negotiated away to a mythical Palestinian state, in which one of the two principal political parties wants Israel off the map.

Netanyahu has also made clear a Palestinian state would be totally demilitarized and bracketed to the west by an Israeli security belt -- in effect the current $2.5 billion hardened barrier that annexed 12.5 percent of Palestinian land -- and to the east by an Israeli security belt on the Jordan River, conditions guaranteed to produce a stillborn Palestinian state.

As tensions grow between Iran and Israel, the Mideast focus has gradually shifted yet again from peace to war.

Iran's military theocracy seems to be going out of its way to provoke Israel into attacking its nuclear facilities. "Iran hails missile launch as symbol of enemy's defeat," said a Financial Times headline. Some of Tehran's extremist hotheads may welcome Israeli bombs as an opportunity for general mayhem in the Persian Gulf and what they believe would be a chance to seize the leadership from traditional, hereditary regimes that rely on U.S. naval and air dominance to prevail in the gulf.

Iran's latest military bragging rights came in the form of a missile with "new technical features and unique tactical capabilities," Defense Minister Ahmad Vahidi said. The local television demonstration coincided with the activation of Iran's first nuclear power plant after three decades of delay when the Soviet Union and then Russia had its foot on the brake.

Russian uranium is the key ingredient to generate 1,000 megawatts of electricity. Ali Akbar Salehi, head of Iran's Atomic Energy Organization, said the Bushehr plant's activation is "a thorn in the eye of ill-wishers" at a time of tightening U.N. economic and financial sanctions.

Today, said Salehi, the new missile "has turned into the symbol of the defeat of the enemy's strategy and will." U.S. officials say they believe Iran has enough fissile material to build two nuclear weapons, which Tehran denies vociferously. It's only aim, Iran keeps repeating for an increasingly skeptical Western opinion, is the peaceful use of nuclear energy.

With Turkey, India, Japan, China and South Korea still making lucrative trade deals with Iran, President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and his clerical and military supervisors scoff at the U.N.'s fourth round of sanctions.

Netanyahu isn't willing to wait for the first unguided Iranian missile to strike Israel. The Obama administration has used its most powerful voices to quietly dissuade Israel from starting something the United States will have to cope with from the Strait of Hormuz to Kuwait to the entire length of the Iran-Iraq border. Iran's asymmetrical response is bound to impact U.S. interests from Oman through Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Qatar, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Iraq. Iran can also cause major trouble for the U.S. and NATO forces in western Afghanistan.

Thus, the United States could suddenly find itself involved in three wars -- instead of one in Afghanistan, which U.S. President Barack Obama is attempting to wind down. But any kind of an Israeli raid against Iran's nuclear facilities is bound to put more than financial markets into a tailspin.

Anthony Cordesman, one of America's pre-eminent strategic thinkers, says the United States will remain dependent on imports for roughly 40 percent of its liquid fuels in 2035. So shoring up the gulf's defenses against Iran's asymmetrical threats remains an urgent U.S. priority.

Some $50 billion in new U.S. arms sales to the Saudis, including 84 new Boeing F-15s, 60 Apache gunships, 72 Black Hawks, upgrading 70 existing Saudi F-15s and Patriot missile batteries, will ensure Saudi dominance over the Persian Gulf for the next decade. But it will be five to 10 years before the Saudis assimilate all this hardware. Until then, it will be up to what is still the world's only superpower, fed up though its people are with foreign military entanglements.



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