Subscribe free to our newsletters via your
. Space Industry and Business News .




VENUSIAN HEAT
A curious cold layer in the atmosphere of Venus
by Staff Writers
Paris (ESA) Oct 05, 2012


The temperature profile along the terminator for altitudes of 70-160 km above the surface of Venus. The values were derived from the volume density of carbon dioxide molecules measured during solar occultation experiments by Venus Express' SOIR instrument. The graphic provides the average range of values calculated from 59 measurements taken along the terminator from 88 degrees N to 77 degrees S, during different orbits between 2006 and 2011. The new report finds a prominent cold layer at 125 km sandwiched between two comparatively warmer layers at around 100 km and 140 km. At some locations, the temperatures occasionally dip below the freezing temperature of carbon dioxide, which suggests that carbon dioxide ice or snow could exist at these altitudes. Credits: ESA/AOES. For a larger version of this image please go here.

Venus Express has spied a surprisingly cold region high in the planet's atmosphere that may be frigid enough for carbon dioxide to freeze out as ice or snow. The planet Venus is well known for its thick, carbon dioxide atmosphere and oven-hot surface, and as a result is often portrayed as Earth's inhospitable evil twin.

But in a new analysis based on five years of observations using ESA's Venus Express, scientists have uncovered a very chilly layer at temperatures of around -175 degrees C in the atmosphere 125 km above the planet's surface.

The curious cold layer is far frostier than any part of Earth's atmosphere, for example, despite Venus being much closer to the Sun.

The discovery was made by watching as light from the Sun filtered through the atmosphere to reveal the concentration of carbon dioxide gas molecules at various altitudes along the terminator - the dividing line between the day and night sides of the planet.

Armed with information about the concentration of carbon dioxide and combined with data on atmospheric pressure at each height, scientists could then calculate the corresponding temperatures.

"Since the temperature at some heights dips below the freezing temperature of carbon dioxide, we suspect that carbon dioxide ice might form there," says Arnaud Mahieux of the Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy and lead author of the paper reporting the results in the Journal of Geophysical Research.

Clouds of small carbon dioxide ice or snow particles should be very reflective, perhaps leading to brighter than normal sunlight layers in the atmosphere.

"However, although Venus Express indeed occasionally observes very bright regions in the Venusian atmosphere that could be explained by ice, they could also be caused by other atmospheric disturbances, so we need to be cautious," says Dr Mahieux.

The study also found that the cold layer at the terminator is sandwiched between two comparatively warmer layers.

"The temperature profiles on the hot dayside and cool night side at altitudes above 120 km are extremely different, so at the terminator we are in a regime of transition with effects coming from both sides.

"The night side may be playing a greater role at one given altitude and the dayside might be playing a larger role at other altitudes."

Similar temperature profiles along the terminator have been derived from other Venus Express datasets, including measurements taken during the transit of Venus earlier this year.

Models are able to predict the observed profiles, but further confirmation will be provided by examining the role played by other atmospheric species, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen and oxygen, which are more dominant than carbon dioxide at high altitudes.

"The finding is very new and we still need to think about and understand what the implications will be," says Hakan Svedhem, ESA's Venus Express project scientist.

"But it is special, as we do not see a similar temperature profile along the terminator in the atmospheres of Earth or Mars, which have different chemical compositions and temperature conditions."

.


Related Links
Venus Express
Venus Express News and Venusian Science






Comment on this article via your Facebook, Yahoo, AOL, Hotmail login.

Share this article via these popular social media networks
del.icio.usdel.icio.us DiggDigg RedditReddit GoogleGoogle








VENUSIAN HEAT
A curious cold layer in the atmosphere of Venus
Paris (ESA) Oct 04, 2012
Venus Express has spied a surprisingly cold region high in the planet's atmosphere that may be frigid enough for carbon dioxide to freeze out as ice or snow. The planet Venus is well known for its thick, carbon dioxide atmosphere and oven-hot surface, and as a result is often portrayed as Earth's inhospitable evil twin. But in a new analysis based on five years of observations using ESA's ... read more


VENUSIAN HEAT
Google, publishers end long-running copyright case

Apple even stronger a year after Steve Jobs death

Prehistoric builders reveal trade secrets

Space debris delays Japan's satellite experiment

VENUSIAN HEAT
Raytheon to provide Joint Tactical Terminal radios with latest security features to US Navy

Northrop Grumman Awarded Contract to Extend BACN Communications Connectivity to the Tactical Edge

Hughes Awarded Custom SATCOM Solutions Contract by GSA

4 SOPS begins testing newest AEHF satellite

VENUSIAN HEAT
SpaceX craft on way to ISS in first supply run

Orbital Begins Antares Rocket Operations at Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport

H-IIB Launch Service Privatization

Ariane rocket launches two telecom satellites

VENUSIAN HEAT
Twin Galileo satellites fuelled and ready for launch

Northrop Grumman to Improve Performance of MEMS Inertial Sensors for DARPA

Lockheed Martin Delivers Propulsion Core for the First GPS III Satellite

China launches another 2 navigation system satellites

VENUSIAN HEAT
JAL to extend Japan-China flight cuts amid row

Lockheed Martin Announces New Solution to Reduce Airport Congestion and Improve Overall Airspace Efficiency

New Brazilian facility for Eurocopter

GE calls for jet engine checks after China incident

VENUSIAN HEAT
Visionary transparent memory a step closer to reality

Acoustic cell-sorting chip may lead to cell phone-sized medical labs

New method monitors semiconductor etching as it happens - with light

New method monitors semiconductor etching as it happens - with light

VENUSIAN HEAT
SMOS has a better look at salinity

Digital Map Products to Discuss the New Rules for Communicating with Residents

Apple CEO sorry for maps shortcomings

Landslide mapping in the Swiss Alps

VENUSIAN HEAT
Council of war gathers for world's biodiversity crisis

Mobiles phones getting less toxic: researcher

Remarkable enzyme points the way to reducing nitric acid use in industry

Solving the stink from sewers




The content herein, unless otherwise known to be public domain, are Copyright 1995-2014 - Space Media Network. AFP, UPI and IANS news wire stories are copyright Agence France-Presse, United Press International and Indo-Asia News Service. ESA Portal Reports are copyright European Space Agency. All NASA sourced material is public domain. Additional copyrights may apply in whole or part to other bona fide parties. Advertising does not imply endorsement,agreement or approval of any opinions, statements or information provided by Space Media Network on any Web page published or hosted by Space Media Network. Privacy Statement